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Colonial Bank Closed by Regulators - Largest Bank Failure in 2009 and 6th Largest in US History

Friday, August 14, 2009 - 7:41 PM CT by Ken - Bank Deals Guy

View current rates for BB&T
Update: Three more banks were closed after Colonial Bank.

The rumors in the news were correct. Colonial Bank was closed today, and the FDIC arranged for BB&T to take over the branches and deposits. It's the largest bank failure this year, and the sixth largest bank failure in US history. It's not the most expensive closure this year. Colonial Bank's failure is estimated to cost the Deposit Insurance Fund $2.8 billion which is much smaller than the cost of BankUnited's failure in Florida. BankUnited cost the DIF an estimated $4.9 billion.

Colonial Banks depositors don't have to worry about losing any money. All deposits even those above the FDIC limit have been transferred to BB&T. However, Colonial Bank CD holders do have something to worry about. According to the FDIC, BB&T has not decided if it'll honor rates to maturity on existing Colonial Bank CDs. According to the FDIC, "BB&T will review rates and notify you if interest rates will change." Refer to my post on Mutual Bank CDs to see an example of how the rates may be cut. If you have Colonial Bank CDs, please leave a comment when you receive the letter from BB&T about their decision.

Colonial Bank wasn't the only closure today. A tiny Pennsylvania bank, Dwelling House Savings and Loan Association, was closed by federal regulators, and the FDIC arranged to have PNC Bank assume all deposits, including those above the FDIC limit.

Update: Three additional banks failed today after Colonial Bank. Two were in Arizona, and one was in Nevada. The two Arizona banks were acquired by MidFirst Bank in Oklahoma. All deposits, even those above the FDIC limit, were assumed by MidFirst.

The FDIC wasn't able to find a buyer for the Nevada Bank, Community Bank of Nevada. Thus, only insured deposits were covered. Here's how the FDIC described how it will handle CDs and IRAs:
All interest on insured deposits accrued through Friday, August 14, 2009 will be paid at your same rate. Interest will NOT continue to accrue after that date. All Savings, CD and IRA insured account balances will be mailed to your address of record with Community Bank of Nevada. You should receive these checks by the end of the week.

For liquid accounts, the FDIC will continue to operate the bank for 30 days to give customers time to open accounts at other banks. Here's how the FDIC described this:
To protect the depositors, the FDIC created the Deposit Insurance National Bank of Las Vegas (DINB), which will remain open for approximately 30 days to allow depositors access to their insured deposits and time to open accounts at other insured institutions.

One interesting thing to note about Community Bank of Nevada is that it had a reward checking account. One thing not mentioned is if reward interest will be paid through today on this account. The top interest rate may be considered a bonus rate, and it's possible that only the base rate will be paid. If you're a customer with this account, please leave a comment about how the interest is paid.

In addition to these bank failures, there was also a credit union that failed this week. The NCUA placed the Las Vegas-based Community One FCU into liquidation and arranged for America First Credit Union to assume its assets, most liabilities and operations (see press release).

Below is a summary of today's bank closures:

73rd Bank Failure of 2009 (1st in PA)
  • FDIC Press Release
  • Closed Bank: Dwelling House Savings and Loan Association, Pittsburgh, PA
  • Size: 1 office, $13.4 million in assets, $13.8 million deposits
  • Possible Uninsured Deposits: All deposits transferred
  • Acquiring Bank: PNC Bank, N.A. Pittsburgh, PA
  • Rate Changes: PNC Bank, N.A. will review rates
  • Estimated Cost to Deposit Insurance Fund: $6.8 million
  • Financial Ratings: 0 star (lowest) at BauerFinancial, 1 star (lowest) at Bankrate.com
74th Bank Failure of 2009 (1st in AL)
  • FDIC Press Release
  • Closed Bank: Colonial Bank, Montgomery, AL
  • Size: 346 offices in AL, FL, GA, NV & TX, $25 billion assets, $20 billion deposits
  • Possible Uninsured Deposits: All deposits transferred
  • Acquiring Bank: BB&T, Winston-Salem, NC
  • Rate Changes: BB&T will review rates
  • Estimated Cost to Deposit Insurance Fund: $2.8 billion
  • Financial Ratings: 1 star (troubled) at BauerFinancial, 1 star (lowest) at Bankrate.com
75th Bank Failure of 2009 (1st in AZ)
  • FDIC Press Release
  • Closed Bank: Union Bank, N.A., Gilbert, AZ
  • Size: 1 office, $124 million in assets, $112 million deposits
  • Possible Uninsured Deposits: All deposits transferred, except brokered deposits
  • Acquiring Bank: MidFirst Bank, Oklahoma City, OK
  • Rate Changes: MidFirst Bank will review rates
  • Estimated Cost to Deposit Insurance Fund: $61 million
  • Financial Ratings: 0 star (lowest) at BauerFinancial, 1 star (lowest) at Bankrate.com
76th Bank Failure of 2009 (2nd in AZ)
  • FDIC Press Release
  • Closed Bank: Community Bank of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ
  • Size: 4 offices, $158.5 million in assets, $143.8 million deposits
  • Possible Uninsured Deposits: All deposits transferred, except some brokered deposits
  • Acquiring Bank: MidFirst Bank, Oklahoma City, OK
  • Rate Changes: MidFirst Bank will review rates
  • Estimated Cost to Deposit Insurance Fund: $25.5 million
  • Financial Ratings: 1 star (troubled) at BauerFinancial, 1 star (lowest) at Bankrate.com
77th Bank Failure of 2009 (3rd in NV)
  • FDIC Press Release
  • Closed Bank: Community Bank of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV
  • Size: 14 offices, $1.52 billion in assets, $1.38 billion deposits
  • Possible Uninsured Deposits: $4.2 million
  • Acquiring Bank: None
  • Rate Changes: CDs and IRAs were closed. Checks will be mailed
  • Estimated Cost to Deposit Insurance Fund: $781.5 million
  • Financial Ratings: 0 star (lowest) at BauerFinancial, 1 star (lowest) at Bankrate.com
References:
The above financial ratings are based on 3/31/09 data. Thanks to the readers who emailed me news on these closures.



 
 
In order by popularity, then date posted.

Jim - #1, Friday, August 14, 2009 - 9:25 PM CT

They weren't done after Colonial...
Three more.

The DIF must be empty after today even if they collected $3B in fees this quarter. They only had $648M in there at the start of today.

$648.1
-6.8
-2800.0
-61.0
-25.5
-781.5
________
= -3026.7

A nice spreadsheet shows up to today.


Was this comment helpful? 2

Len - #2, Friday, August 14, 2009 - 11:55 PM CT

I had 2 CDs and the rewards checking account at Community Bank of NV. As you indicated, the CD's were not transfered to the new Depository Insurance National Bank at all, and will be liquidated by FDIC with interest through today 8/14. I expect a US Treasury check will arrive next week for those. Unfortunately for those of us who are local, this does not give an opportunity to go to the branch on Monday AM and get the funds and move them to start earning interest elsewhere. The accounts are no longer there, they are with the FDIC.

As to the rewards checking, the statement cycle for everyone at that bank is on the 4th Wednesday of the month, so it would have been 8/19. The question is whether accrued interest will be paid at the bonus rate through today or not. I will post as soon as I find out. These accounts do survive and are accessible at the branches on Monday, so the funds can be retrieved in person, or checks can be written against them for the next month.

This method of closing is very abrupt, in many ways worse than Indymac. When the DI bank was created for Indymac, it stayed open for a long time, CDs continued to accrue interest then mature, etc. That allowed time to react. The FDIC does not like doing things that erode confidence in the system, and today's action really does. To say that your funds are available and checks will clear for only 30 days, after which your account will be closed and any funds left sent by check causes big problems for people who have automatic ACH debits, deposits of paychecks, pensions, etc, and more time should have been allowed. Further, the press release says that ACH debits will only be honored until 8/21, ONE WEEK, after which they will be bounced even if funds are there!!! Someone on vacation who has their power bill debited from their checking for example will return to find their payment bounced. A week gives no time for anyone to react who is not following this extremely closely. (Like waking every day to log in and see if your bank survived the day or you need to take emergency action!)

I will report when I learn how the rewards checking interest through today is handled.


Was this comment helpful? 1

Len - #3, Friday, August 14, 2009 - 11:57 PM CT

PS the rewards checking paid 4% on up to $100K when I opened it a few months ago. They discontinued opening new rewards accounts some time ago, and grandfathered the old accounts. Then starting a week later, they reduced the interest rate paid by 0.25% at least once a week. The final yield last dropped a few days ago was 2.25%.


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Len - #4, Friday, August 14, 2009 - 11:58 PM CT

Correction, rewards statement cycle would have been 4th Wednesday=8/26, not 8/19.


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Anonymous - #5, Saturday, August 15, 2009 - 10:57 AM CT

While during the great depression, a bank failure often caused panic, as seen in old photographs of worried depositors lined up in the snow hoping to salvage some of their life savings, today reader Len's biggest concern is that he might have to check a bank website during a holiday to be sure that an auto transfer has occurred. Perhaps that is a sign of progress, after all.


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