Opening CDs Versus Index Investing

hank
  |     |   110 posts since 2016

I recently was talking with a financial advisor which is not something I've done before. I have been a professional saver for some time. In retrospect, it appears to me that I have been way too conservative utilizing DA and opening cds etc. If I had taken some of these assets and invested in broad market indexes, I think I would have been way better off and perhaps paying less taxes all the way. Something for you all to think about especially the younger ones. What do you all think?



Answers
Bozo
  |     |   1,375 posts since 2011
Investing is not an "either/or" proposition. I suspect many DA readers have diversified asset allocations. Not to put too fine a point on the matter, the precise issue is how one invests that portion of one's asset allocation allocated to fixed-income, in fixed-income. Should it be bond funds, should it be a ladder of CDs, or should it be merely plopping stray cash in a savings account waiting for the next "hot deal" to pop up?

Taking the "long view" diversification is the key. It is impossible to time the stock market. That said, over the long term, stock market returns have bested bonds, CDs, and plain vanilla cash. It's just a fact. Over the short term, well, just look at 2008 - 2009.

Stated plainly, a prudent investor will have equity index funds, bond index funds, a healthy dollop of laddered CDs, and a potload of cash. Yup, you guessed it, it's a snapshot of our AA.

Such a combination will help said investor to "sleep well at night", or SWAN.
Bozo
  |     |   1,375 posts since 2011
Moving right along, financial advisors might, or might not, point you in the right direction when it comes to index funds. By and large, the low-cost passive index funds (Vanguard, Fidelity, Schwab) are the best. Actively-managed funds are the worst. Your financial advisor might, or might not, have your best interests in mind.
gbtexas
  |     |   78 posts since 2013
Sounds like you only recently took a course in investing 101. You're right on all accounts except for the potful of cash. For those truly interested in buying individual stocks, the Bible for several decades was Graham and Dodd. Individual stock buying should, however, be done prudently, avoiding the dead certain types of stocks.
Bozo
  |     |   1,375 posts since 2011
gbtexas, I never took a course in investing. Just threw it up against the wall and found what sticked. The potload of cash is valuable for many reasons. First and foremost, that personal infrastructure (water heater, furnace, air conditioner, garbage disposal, you name it) is bound to fail. It's nice to have that potload of cash to pay the bills.
paoli2
  |     |   2,641 posts since 2011
Maybe we end up on DA because we have been burnt or seen relatives burnt very badly by trying to get rich quicker. Maybe we have tried most of the ways mentioned in certain posts here and seen for ourselves that we prefer to be "Swans" or as I am known by my relatives as the "turtle". However when I look back at what I have accomplished for my family and where we are today because I was the patient lil CD "turtle", I would not do it any differently. Going too fast can get you there "last".
Bozo
  |     |   1,375 posts since 2011
Paoli2, the whole point of "SWAN" is inherently personal. What makes others sleep well at night might keep me tossing and turning. For example, were I 100% "invested" in a particular equity, I would get up each morning at 5 AM to check and see whether the stock was tanking in the futures market. That's not investing, it's gambling.

I awake each morning knowing my investments might jog up or down, but even in the depths of the 2008 - 2009 crash, I knew our retirement was not threatened, thanks to our CD ladder.

As an aside, I chuckle at the pundits on CNBC (and elsewhere) who talk about three to five years as being a "long-term" investment. My parents bought a science and technology mutual fund for me when I turned 21. I am now 70. Now, that's a "long-term" investment.
paoli2
  |     |   2,641 posts since 2011
Bozo: What smart and thoughtful parents! BTW, long term for me is getting "shorter" since we reached our 70's. I am at the point now of bringing home all our CD babies (at maturity) so our real baby can get to them easily when I take a permanent rest of CD buying and finances. My Heaven will be going to a place where everything is "free"! :)
Bozo
  |     |   1,375 posts since 2011
Paoli2, there is much to be said for consolidating all those far-flung CDs into an easy-to-reach location. Back in my youth (age 55 - 65), I used to revel in plopping my money all over the planet. Now, I tend to aggregate closer to home. Keep those beneficiary designations up-to-date. Just a thought.
hank
  |     |   110 posts since 2016
Bozo:
Do you still have the science and technology fund from 50 years ago? How much did it appreciate?
Bozo
  |     |   1,375 posts since 2011
Hank, yes, I still have that science and tech fund. It's called UNSCX. My folks started off with a modest investment. It's worth a tad more these days. Calculating appreciation is difficult, as many of the records are quite old. Even Waddell & Reed (the fund custodian) had to do it by hand a couple of years back.

Some trivia. Waddell & Reed sent me the early records from the late 60's - early 70's. Typed on a manual typewriter, no less.
Bozo
  |     |   1,375 posts since 2011
Not that I would ever suggest folks might fudge capital gains, but, seriously, how would the IRS calculate same? Recently, the IRS has required periodic reporting. That noted, when you go back decades, capital gains, well, it's the "honor system". In the days of Trump, good luck on that.

In Calendar Year 2016, I spent countless hours calculating  capital gains on my inherited equities. I did the right thing. Under the Trump system, I suspect tax evasion will become the new best thing.
gbtexas
  |     |   78 posts since 2013
Your countless hours--is this because you had difficulty determining your initial basis on each, or for other reasons?
me1004
  |     |   1,379 posts since 2010
Hank, its all about risk, your tolerance for that risk and whether you can take the losses, possibly huge losses, and how much is in different financial products, and how much you want to keep up with markets and when to make changes.

CDs are safe and secure, you know what you will get and will get it, and not suffer any losses. As for anything else, you might might big, you might lose big, you might come in at least that you could have had at the bank, or just a little more.

I have only in about the past year finally broken even and in the past year gotten ahead in my mutual funds, mainly since the presidential election. I suffered huge losses in the last decade thanks to the economic collapse. All the people who were so irresponsible in their house-buying collapsed the entire economy and got bailed out, but I, who stayed in what had been a responsible investment in stocks, which were not overpriced, lost big time and got no bailout. And when the market goes down, the taxable income you get from mutual funds tends to go up, and in a crash like we had, you find yourself losing huge amounts of principal and at the seam time getting hit with huge taxes on gains anyway — because the funds have to sell to pay all those people fleeing the market, and every sale generates taxable gains for everyone still in the fund. So even as you’re losing huge amounts in the fund, you are getting hit with huge tax bills from it, a double whammy.

Sure you can make decent returns — but you also can lose a LOT. And if you can’t wait a decade just to break even again, if you need that money, you take the big loss. If you were counting on that money, it won’t be there in that decade. If you get cancer and need to cash that in in that decade, you might find you can’t pay for your cancer treatment — but if your money were in the bank, it would still be there.

That is to say, the risk is real and serious. The general rule is that the higher the possible return, the greater the risk. And if you will be devastated if you lose that money, then you better think twice before putting it in other than CDs. When you go into the market, you are gambling. Don’t gable with your basic need, only gamble with your extra.

And individual mutual funds will tend to have a good period, whether for a year or two, five years, even 10, and then be crap. In fact, the push to index funds is because people are giving up on trying to predict where to invest in the market, they have started thinking that actively trying to pick and choose in an effort to do better than the market doesn’t tend to produce better over the loge run, yet you get hit with higher management fees for all that activity and capital gains to pay taxes on now. Index funds are basically the idea of giving up on trying to pick stocks, and just settle for whatever the market does, good or bad, and with no or little activity in the fund, produce very little capital gains for now, let that ride.

Over the long run, you CAN come out ahead in the market, maybe nicely so, but if you can’t wait many years for that to actually be the case, then you might have to suffer a big loss. Just ask all the people who found themselves in foreclosure in the Great Recession, after getting into an investment they were so convinced always goes up — but you won’t be getting bailed out like they were.

About that financial advisor: They don’t mind risking YOUR money. And they do not necessarily have the kind of training and knowledge that you think they have. And if they do, nonetheless, the theory behind the index funds is that none of those people know what they are talking about.
Bozo
  |     |   1,375 posts since 2011
me1004, low-cost index funds (e.g., Vanguard, Fidelity, Schwab, etc.) are ideal for "set-and-forget" investors. Back in 2008, my wife got really nervous and jerky in the market swoon. She wanted to sell; I convinced her to keep buying through her 401K. She thought I was nuts. The dollars she invested at the market lows in 2008 - 2009 have more than tripled in value. I suspect the key is patience.
Ally6770
  |     |   4,293 posts since 2010
You are measuring the funds from its lowest point. How much did it loose in the downturn and how much of this was money added to the fund in her contributions during that time?
paoli2
  |     |   2,641 posts since 2011
I only am concerned with how much I initially paid for something against how much I got to withdraw when it was closed. What it did in between is not real money to me if I have closed it out.
Bozo
  |     |   1,375 posts since 2011
"the dollars she invested at the market lows" sorta speaks for itself.
Ally6770
  |     |   4,293 posts since 2010
OH I took it that it was a 401K and she continued to add to the fund during her working years. Yes I remember the 20, 30 and 40% from 1995 on and it made me
a nervous wreck. We got out completely before the tech bubble broke and took everything out and went into 8-9- and 10% CD's as long as we go out. Never will get back into the market. Have more than enough to live and I gift each each and let the kids invest.
Bozo
  |     |   1,375 posts since 2011
Ally6770, I suspect many of us are "investing" for the kids, and grandchildren. As I said to my Mom (before she died at age 98 1/2), "what are you saving it for"? Truth be told, the kids (and grandchildren) would probably be happier if Grandma and Grandpa spent it on themselves. But, we don't, and dote on Grandchildren. As we doted on our children.

I suspect the "savings gene" is passed down from generation to generation. Not that it's a bad gene. It's probably a good gene. Our A/C finally died yesterday, and we need a new system. Our "savings gene" will pay for it. Well, we did get 40 years of service from our A/C,


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